The global dairy industry is undergoing a transformative shift driven by technological innovations, precision farming, and sustainability imperatives. This review paper critically examines the current trends and emerging innovations in animal husbandry dairy technology, encompassing precision dairy farming, robotic milking systems, Internet of Things (IoT)-based livestock monitoring, advanced reproductive and genomic technologies, non-thermal dairy processing methods, artificial intelligence applications, and circular economy frameworks. The integration of wearable biosensors, automated milking systems, and AI-powered analytics has significantly enhanced milk yield, animal welfare, and operational efficiency. Genomic selection and CRISPR-based gene editing are revolutionizing breeding strategies, while non-thermal processing technologies such as high-pressure processing are redefining product quality and safety. This review synthesizes recent literature to provide a holistic understanding of how these innovations are shaping the future of sustainable dairy production worldwide.

Keywords: Precision Dairy Farming; Robotic Milking Systems; Genomic Selection; Non-Thermal Processing; Sustainable Dairy Production