Climate change is intensifying water scarcity, erratic rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events, posing significant challenges to agricultural productivity and global food security. Sustainable water management practices have emerged as essential strategies to enhance water-use efficiency, conserve natural resources, and strengthen the resilience of farming systems. This review highlights recent advances in climate-smart irrigation techniques, rainwater harvesting, precision agriculture, soil moisture conservation, deficit irrigation, wastewater reuse, and integrated watershed management. It also examines the role of digital technologies, remote sensing, and decision-support systems in optimizing water allocation and improving crop performance under changing climatic conditions. Furthermore, the review discusses policy interventions, farmer participation, and institutional frameworks required for effective implementation. Adopting sustainable water management practices is crucial for ensuring resilient agriculture, environmental sustainability, and long-term water security in a changing climate.

Keywords: Climate change, irrigation efficiency, rainwater harvesting, conservation agriculture, water-use efficiency.