Climate change poses unprecedented challenges to global horticultural production systems, threatening food security, nutritional quality, and agricultural livelihoods worldwide. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and shifting pest and disease dynamics have necessitated a fundamental transformation in horticultural practices. This review paper critically examines the multifaceted impacts of climate change on horticulture and evaluates the spectrum of sustainable practices that can enhance resilience, productivity, and environmental stewardship. Key strategies reviewed include water-efficient irrigation systems, organic farming approaches, integrated pest management (IPM), precision agriculture technologies, protected cultivation methods, agroforestry integration, crop diversification, and soil health management techniques. The paper explores how these practices collectively contribute to climate change adaptation and mitigation within horticultural systems. Evidence from recent studies demonstrates that the adoption of climate-smart horticultural practices can significantly improve resource use efficiency, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance biodiversity, and maintain economic viability for farmers. Furthermore, the role of advanced technologies such as remote sensing, Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence in optimizing horticultural operations under changing climatic conditions is discussed. The review concludes by emphasizing the urgent need for integrated, context-specific approaches that combine traditional knowledge with modern innovations to ensure the long-term sustainability of horticultural production in an era of accelerating climate change.

Keywords: Climate-Smart Agriculture; Sustainable Horticulture; Water-Use Efficiency; Integrated Pest Management; Precision Agriculture.