Rapid urbanisation has intensified ecological degradation, heat-island formation, and biodiversity loss across cities worldwide, making sustainable landscaping of urban green spaces (UGS) a critical research and policy priority. Six core practices are examined: use of native and climate-adapted plants, water-efficient xeriscaping, organic soil management, green roofs and vertical gardens, permeable pavements and rain gardens, and integrated pest management. Evidence indicates substantial ecosystem-service benefits, including thermal regulation, stormwater attenuation, carbon sequestration, and improved psychological well-being. Persistent challenges relate to funding, governance, water scarcity, and invasive species. Future prospects centre on nature-based solutions, smart-irrigation technologies, biodiversity-sensitive design, and citizen participation to deliver climate-resilient, equitable, and biologically diverse cities.

Keywords: Urban green spaces; sustainable landscaping; green infrastructure; biodiversity conservation; climate-resilient cities.